Basil, a member of the Ocimum genus, boasts a rich history dating back to ancient medicinal practices, including mentions in Dioscorides' De Materia Medica. Known by various names across cultures, basil holds significance beyond its culinary uses, with beliefs ranging from protection against evil spirits to its association with religious rituals. Its chemical constituents, including essential oils and phytochemicals, contribute to its wide array of medicinal properties, ranging from anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial to anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. Traditional medicinal practices in regions like India and Iran have long utilized basil for its therapeutic benefits, while modern research continues to unveil its pharmacological potential. From its antioxidant activity to its ability to modulate immune responses and protect against thrombosis, basil emerges as a versatile herbal remedy with promising applications in both traditional and modern medicine. This mini-review explores the multifaceted nature of basil, shedding light on its chemical composition, historical significance, traditional uses, and emerging roles in contemporary healthcare practices.
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